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交通督导总结

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学雷锋精神 树文明形象

――文明交通督导

3月x日,青年志愿者协会相应响应全市开展南充青年志愿服务月集中行动,推出城乡环境综合治理,除陋习、树新风文明劝导、文明卫生知识宣传、立足岗位学习雷锋等志愿服务项目,推动“争做志愿者,共建新家园”主题活动不断深化,川北医学院青年志愿者协会开展了以“文明交通督导”为主题的社会实践活动。本次活动得到院团委领导的大力支持。

为了做好此次活动,志愿者们进行了精心的策划与准备,他们专程前往督导地点参观,了解详情。社会各界也对此次活动给予了大力支持,志愿者们也在私下学习交通知识,学会讲解日常的交通规则,并作了一些关于交通安全知识的总结。

3月x日,活动正式拉开帷幕,活动中调研组的同学对广大市民进行交通宣传,了解市民对日常交通知识的掌握情况及对我市交通状况的看法。宣传组的同学主要以口头形式对过往市民宣传文明交通知识。

文明交通督导小分队的志愿者们在涪江路、人民中路、文化路等几个市区主要路段开展以“文明交通督导”为主题的文明劝导活动。活动主要针对过往行人进行文明监督,劝导使用人行灯,带领老人、幼儿和盲人过人行道。活动受到了广大市民的一致好评。

在历时一天的实践活动中,志愿者们在大家的努力下,圆满完成

了各项设定活动,取得了良好的效果。据悉,我们将根据活动调研所获的第一手资料进行分析整理总结,力争为进一步加强我市文明交通建设,促进市民提高安全隐患意识谏言献策。

青年志愿者协会 20xx年x月x日


第二篇:交通工程总结


Part One ―Define the following terms

Headway(车头时距):is defined as the time interval between successive vehicles as they pass a point along the lane, also measured between common reference points on the vehicles.

Peak Hour Factor(高峰小时系数):The relationship between the hourly volume and the maximum rate of flow within the hour is defined by the peak hour factor(PHF).PHF=错误!未找到引用源。Hourly Volume

Max Rate of Flow

Perception-reaction time(PRT)(反应时间): from start of perception to the end of reaction (2.5 second is very common);it varies greatly from person to person,from situation to situation.

Capacity: Maximum Hourly Rate at which persons or vehicles can traverse a point or a uniform section of a lane or roadway during a given time period under prevailing roadway,traffic and control conditions.

Gap acceptance: is defined as the distance between the pedestrian and the approaching vehicle at the time the pedestrian begin his or her crossing.

Spacing(车头间距):is defined as the distance between successive vehicles in a traffic lane, measured from some common reference point on the vehicles,such as the front bumper or front wheels.

Level of service(服务水平): is a quality measure describing operational conditions within a traffic stream,

generally in terms of such service measures as speed and travel time,freedom to maneuver,traffic interruptions,and comfort and convenience.

Percentile:a value in a distribution for which the stated percentage of the population has a characteristics that is less than or equal to the specified value.

PCU(passenger car units):a unit of measure whereby large trucks and turning movements are converted to passenger cars using multiplication factors.

Total stopping distance:The sum of the reaction distance and the braking distance.

TDM:is the application of strategies and policies to reduce travel demand

(specifically that of single-occupancy private vehicles), or to redistribute this demand in space or in time. TSM:is a process for planning and operating a unitary system of urban transportation.

Delay:is defined as “the addiional travel time experienced by a driver,passenger or pedestrian”and with respect to field measurements,it’s the difference in travel time when a vehicle is unaffected by the controlled intersection or traffic incidents and when a vehicle is affected by the controlled intersection or traffic incidents.

TMS:is the mean of the vehicle speeds observed at some designated point along the roadway.

SMS:is the ratio between a length that a vehicle traveled and the average time lasted.

动视力 :汽车运动时驾驶人的视力

设计小时交通量:将一年中所有8760(365*24)小时的小时交通量按由大到小的顺序排列时其第30位的那个小时的交通量,又称为设计小时交通量(Design Hourly Volume ,DHV, 30HV)。

N绿信比:一个周期的绿灯显示时长同周期时长之比。 K?交通密度:单位长度车道上,某一瞬间所存在的车辆数,辆/(km 车道)。 L

最大服务交通量:每一服务水平有其服务交通量范围。一、二、三级及四级上半段服务水平都有相应该级服务水平最差时的服务交通量,该服务交通量在该级服务水平中是最大的,故称为最大服务交通量。 行驶车速 :车辆行驶过某段路程的长度与行驶时间的比。

AADT月变化系数:

K月?MADT

实际通行能力: 以理论通行能力为基础,考虑到实际的地形、道路和交通状况等的影响,确定其修正系数,再以此修正系数乘以前述的理论通行能力,即得实际道路、交通在一定环境条件下的可能通行能力。 视野(Field of Vision):眼球注意一点所能看见的空间范围,分静视野与动视野。

最佳周期时间:使交叉口各方向车辆通过路口的总延误最小的周期时间。

Part two ― Answer the questions in simple way

1、What is the objective of traffic engineering study?

交通工程研究的主要目的是保证交通安全,以及实现快速、舒适、方便、经济及与环境相协调的客货运输

2、What is the difference between rate of flow and hourly volume? (小时流率与小时流量有何区别?) 小时流量是指一小时内通过观测断面的实际交通量。小时流率通常是将某连续时间段内的交通量扩大为一小时得到的交通量。小时流率是放大的相对小时流量,小时流率一般大于小时流量。

3、 What is the difference between AADT and ADT? (年平均日交通量与平均日交通量有何区别?)年平均日交通量是将全年观测的总交通量平均分配到每一天

平均日交通量是将观测期内统计的交通量总合除以观测总天数所得的平均值。

4、Using diagram to show merging and diverging, weaving areas of freeway.

5、影响车速变化的因素有哪些?

Driver;Vehicle;Design and physical factors of the roadway;Traffic;Weather and visibility.

6、交通密度与交通量有什么不同?

交通量表示的是车辆通过道路断面的频繁程度,交通密度表示的是道路空间上车辆的密集程度。

7、平面交叉口通行能力主要包括那三类?

无信号交叉口通行能力;环形交叉口通行能力;有信号交叉口通行能力

8、简要说明信号交叉口的服务水平主要和那些因素相关?

与交叉口的交通控制方式,车辆通过交叉口所需要的时间,延误时间,停车时间,停车次数,和频率有关

9、车辆在交叉口经历的延误主要包括那两种?

车辆在交叉口经历的延误主要有均匀延误和增量延误。

10、通行能力主要包括哪三种?简述道路通行能力的主要影响因素?

理想通行能力;实际通行能力;设计通行能力

影响因素:包括道路条件,交通条件,控制条件,交通环境以及人为的度量标准

11、What are the protected left turn phase and permitted left turn phase? (保护型和许可型左转相位?) 保护型左转设有专用左转相位,车辆可以在左转信号保护下左转,不受对向车流的干扰。

许可型左转没有专用左转相位,左转车辆须等待对向直行车队的可穿插间隙通过。

11、What are the basic differences between transportation engineering and traffic engineering? Traffic engineering --- automobile, engineering-oriented.

Transportation engineering --- all modes, social, legal, political-oriented.

12、What is regulatory sign? Give two examples of it. (何谓法令标志? 请举出2个例子)

禁止或限制车辆、行人某种交通行为的标志。如禁止掉头、减速让行标志等。

13、What is warning sign? Give two examples of it. (何谓警告标志? 请举出2个例子)

警告标志是警告车辆、行人注意道路前方危险的标志。如急转弯标志、注意危险标志等。

14、Using diagram to show merge and diverge areas of freeway.

15、简述驾驶员的信息处理过程

驾驶员依靠视觉、听觉、感知觉等器官获得道路交通信息,传入大脑,经大脑处理(通过知识与经验的判断)后发出命令,产生手脚的驾驶操作行为。

16、汽车的主要技术参数包括那些?其动力性通常用那三个指标评定?

尺寸参数;质量参数;性能参数;动力性指标(加速时间,爬坡能力,最高车速)

17、What is the definition of traffic engineering?

Transportation Engineering is defined as a discipline applying technology and scientific principles to the planning, functional design, operation, and management of facilities for all modes of transportation.

18 、List 3 categories of traffic markings.

Longitudinal markings;Transverse markings;Object markers and delineators

19 、What is ITS?

ITS is such a system which provides the opportunity to integrate travelers,vehicles and infrastructure into a comprehensive system through a range of technologies.

Part Three --- Elaborate the following questions

1、Please illustrate the hierarchy of roadway classification. Consider the design and layout of local streets within a suburban residential subdivision shown in the Figure, whether the local street can access directly to an arterial? Why?

Road way classification:

Limited-access facilities (free way)

Arterials

Local streets

Collector

The local street cannot direct access to an arterial. Because collectors provide

the only access to arterial.

2、交通规划调查的目的是什么?主要包括那些调查内容?

城市交通调查是进行城市交通规划、城市道路系统规划和城市道路设计的基础工作。通过对城市交通现状的调查与分析,摸清城市道路上的交通状况,城市交通的产生、分布、运行规律以及现状存在的主要问题。

(1)了解和分析城市交通的现状;(2)预测未来交通量;(3)便于交通管理和控制;(4)制定交通规划。

3、交通流三参数间有什么关系?请分析这些关系并指出有哪些特征量?

Q?V?K Q――平均流量(辆/h); V ――空间平均车速(km/h);K―平均密度(辆/km)

特征量:

自由流速度Vf;

阻塞密度Kj;

临界密度Km;

临界速度Vm ;

最大流量Qm;

0流量。

4、车辆停放方式包括那几种方式?分别说明每种方式的主要适用范围。

(1)平行式:停车带较窄,车辆驶出方便,迅速,但单位长度内停放的车少。

(2)垂直式:单位长度内停放的车辆多,用地较紧凑。

(3)斜式:停车带宽度随车身长度和停放角度而异,车辆停放比较灵活,驶出驶入车位方便。

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