陈坚教授:智旭对《周易・大过卦》的佛学解读
陈 坚
(山东大学 哲学系,山东 济南 250100)
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摘要:晚明高僧智旭所撰的《周易禅解》是易学史上首部系统地以佛解易的佳作。本文探讨了其中解《大过卦》的一节。在这一节中,智旭通过对《大过卦》的佛学解读,依傍《大过卦》中的易学原理阐明了佛教修行中“定”与“慧”的互利关系,指出只有“定慧兼济”、“定慧双修”才能最终修成正果,并告诫要防范因“定”或“慧”太过而造成的“增上慢”或“枯木禅”现象。最后笔者指明了智旭以佛解易对现代易学解释的启示。
关键词:智旭;《周易禅解》;大过卦;定;慧;“增上慢”;“枯木禅”
Buddhist Zhi-xu’s interpretation on the hexagram of Da-guo in Zhouyi
CHEN Jian
(Department of Philosophy,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)
Abstract: Zhou-yi-chan-jie (An interpretation of Zhouyi by Buddhism), written by renowned Buddhist monk Zhi-xu in the late Ming Dynasty, is the first work interpreting Zhouyi from Buddhism thought and knowledge. This article analyses how Zhi-xu interpreted the hexagram of Da-guo. In his interpretation, Zhi-xu clarified the relationship between samādhi (定)and praj ā(慧)in practicing Buddhism. He said that only practicing samādhi and praj ā simultaneously can we attain the mature phala(果) and warned that if we practice samādhi or praj ā separately too much,we would get into "zeng-shang-man"(增上慢)or "ku-mu-chan"(枯木禅), either of which will hinder you becoming Buddha. At last, the author points out the inspiration of Zhi-xu’s interpretation to modern I Ching learning interpretation.
Key words: Zhi-xu, Zhou-yi-chan-jie, the hexagram of Da-guo, Buddhism, samādhi, praj ā
